Isingeniso

Emkhakheni wokukhiqiza wokuncintisana, ukubaluleka kokuphathwa kwendawo akukwazi ukweqiwa.Kuyisisekelo okwakhiwe kuso ukusebenza kahle, ukukhiqiza, kanye nokwenza inzuzo.Kubakhiqizi, ikakhulukazi labo abasemkhakheni okhethekile wokukhiqizwa kwamaslayidi ekhabetheni, ukwenza kahle isikhala akukhona nje ukuthola indawo yemishini nempahla.Imayelana nokudala ukugeleza komsebenzi okuvumela ukusebenza okungenazihibe, ukunciphisa imfucuza, futhi kusebenzise yonke intshi yesikwele ukuze uthole okukhiphayo okuphezulu.

Amaslayidi ethala, izingxenye ezibalulekile zefenisha nekhabethe, adinga izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezinembayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuqina.Ukukhiqiza lezi zinto ezibonakala zilula kuhilela izinyathelo eziyinkimbinkimbi, kusukela ekugxilweni kwensimbi nokwakheka kuya ekuhlanganiseni nasekupakishweni.Isiteji ngasinye kufanele senziwe ngokunembile, kudinga indawo yokukhiqiza ehlelwe kahle lapho isikhala sisetshenziswa ngokucatshangelwa.

Ukukhiqizwa okusebenzayo kwamaslayidi ekhabetheni kuxhumene nokuthuthukisa isikhala.Ngesakhiwo esifanelekile namasu okuphatha isikhala, abakhiqizi bangakwazi ukuhlehlisa ukusebenza, banciphise izikhathi zokuphatha, futhi banciphise isidingo sokunyakaza ngokweqile.Lokhu kusheshisa ukukhiqizwa futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokulimala kwezingxenye kanye nemikhiqizo eqediwe, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga lihlala liphezulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphathwa kahle kwesikhala ekwakhiweni kwamaslayidi ekhabetheni akukhona nje ukuhlelwa ngokomzimba kwemishini kanye nempahla.Idlulela ekuhleleni amasu okukhiqiza, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe ukulandelela nokuphatha izinto zokwakha, kanye nokusebenzisa imigomo yokukhiqiza engenasisekelo ukuze kuqedwe imfucuza ngazo zonke izinhlobo zayo.Ngokugxila kulezi zindawo, abakhiqizi bangakha indawo yokukhiqiza esabelayo futhi eguquguqukayo engakwazi ukujwayela izinguquko ezidingekayo ngaphandle kokudela ukusebenza kahle noma ikhwalithi.

Kafushane, ukuphathwa kwesikhala kuyisici esibalulekile empumelelweni yabakhiqizi bama-slide ekhabetheni.Ngokubeka phambili ukusetshenziswa kahle kwendawo, izinkampani zingathuthukisa izinqubo zazo zokukhiqiza, zithuthukise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, futhi zigcine umkhawulo wokuncintisana emakethe.Isisekelo esisekela imigomo ebanzi yokusebenza kahle nokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende.

Ukuqonda Ukwenziwa Kwezilayidi Zekhabethe

Incazelo emfushane yokuthi ayini amaslayidi ekhabethe kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo

Amaslayidi ethala abalulekile ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kwekhabethe, ifenisha, nezinye izixazululo zesitoreji.Lezi zingcezu zezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zivumela amadrowa ukuthi avuleke futhi avale ngokushelela, ahlinzeke ngokusekela futhi enze kube lula ukufinyelela kokuqukethwe ngaphakathi.Ukusetshenziswa kwamaslayidi ekhabetheni kudlulela ngale kwefenisha nje yokuhlala;ziphinde zibe yingxenye yefenisha yasehhovisi, izinhlelo zokugcina izimboni, kanye nezindawo ezikhethekile zezimoto neze-elekthronikhi, ezibonisa ukuhlukahluka nokubaluleka kwazo emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.

Uhlolojikelele lwenqubo yokukhiqiza amaslayidi ekhabetheni

Inqubo yokukhiqiza amaslayidi ekhabethe ibandakanya izigaba ezimbalwa ezibalulekile, ngasinye esibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi umkhiqizo wokugcina uhlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zekhwalithi nokuqina.Iqala ngokukhetha izinto, ngokuvamile ezensimbi njengensimbi noma i-aluminium, ezaziwa ngamandla azo nempilo ende.Ukukhethwa kwempahla ngokuvamile kuncike ekusetshenzisweni okuhlosiwe kwesilayidi, nemisebenzi esindayo edinga izinto eziqinile.

Ukulungiselela Material:Inqubo iqala ngokusika nokubumba insimbi ibe uhlobo oluyinhloko lwesilayidi.Lokhu kungabandakanya ukugxiviza, ukucindezela insimbi esimweni oyifunayo, kanye nemisebenzi yokusika efana nokusika i-laser noma ukubhoboza.

Ukwakha:Uma izingcezu sezisikwe ngosayizi, ziba nezinqubo zokuthuthukisa ukuze zenze izici ezithile zesilayidi, njengokugoba noma amajika azovumela ukunyakaza okushelelayo.Lesi sigaba singabandakanya imisebenzi efana nokugoba, ukucindezela, nokugingqa.

Ukwelashwa kwendawo:Ukuthuthukisa ukuqina nokumelana nokugqwala kwamaslayidi, izingxenye zensimbi zingase ziphathwe ngezingubo ezihlukahlukene.Ukwelashwa okuvamile kufaka i-zinc plating, i-powder coating, noma i-anodizing yezingxenye ze-aluminium.Lesi sinyathelo asivikeli kuphela isilayidi kodwa futhi singase sengeze ekukhangekeni kwaso kobuhle.

Ukuhlanganisa:Amaslayidi edrowa ngokuvamile ahlanganisa izingxenye ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa ilungu lekhabhinethi, ilungu lekhabethe, namabheringi amabhola noma amarola ahambisa ukunyakaza okushelelayo.Lezi zingxenye zihlanganiswa ndawonye, ​​ngokuvamile zengeze izici ezengeziwe ezifana nezingidi noma izindlela zokuhlukanisa kuye ngomklamo wesilayidi.

Ukuhlola Nokulawula Ikhwalithi:Uma esehlanganisiwe, amaslayidi ahlolwa ngokuqinile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokusebenza.Lokhu kungafaka ukuhlolwa komjikelezo, lapho isilayidi sivulwa futhi sivalwe izikhathi eziyizinkulungwane ukuze silingise iminyaka yokusetshenziswa, nokuhlolwa komthwalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi singakwazi ukuphatha isisindo esishiwo.

Ukupakishwa Nokusabalalisa:Isigaba sokugcina sibandakanya ukupakisha amaslayidi ukuze athunyelwe, ngokuvamile ngemiyalo noma izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezidingekayo ukuze zifakwe.Imikhiqizo ibe isisatshalaliswa kubakhiqizi, abathengisi, noma abathengi.

Ukuqonda ubunkimbinkimbi bokwenziwa kwamaslayidi ekhabetheni kugqamisa ibhalansi phakathi kobunjiniyela obunembayo nomklamo ongokoqobo.Le nqubo iqinisekisa ukuthi amaslayidi enza umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko futhi akwenza lokho ngokwethembeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okunikela kukhwalithi kanye nokusebenza komkhiqizo wokugcina.

Izinselelo Ekhabetheni Lokukhiqiza Amaslayidi

Izingqinamba Zesikhala kanye Nomthelela Wazo Ekukhiqizeni Kahle

Izithiyo zesikhala endaweni yokukhiqiza zingaphazamisa kakhulu ikhono lokukhiqiza amaslayidi ekhabethe ngendlela efanele.Imishini esetshenziswa enqubweni yokukhiqiza, kusukela emishinini yokugxiviza kuya emigqeni yokuhlanganisa, idinga indawo enkulu yaphansi.Ukwengeza, ukugcinwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe nemikhiqizo eqediwe kufanele kufakwe ekuhleleni isikhala.Ezikhungweni lapho isikhala siphezulu kakhulu, ukwenza kahle isakhiwo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalezi zidingo ngaphandle kokuminyana kuba indida eyinkimbinkimbi.

Izitezi zokukhiqiza eziminyene ziholela ekungasebenzini okuningana.Okokuqala, bangakhawulela ukuhamba kwezinto kanye nabasebenzi, okubangela ukubambezeleka ekukhiqizeni futhi kwandise ingozi yezingozi noma ukulimala kwemikhiqizo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo elinganiselwe ingavimbela ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe obusha noma izinqubo ezingase zithuthukise ukukhiqiza.Isibonelo, umkhiqizi angase abambezele ukusebenzisa isistimu yokulondoloza nokubuyiswa ezenzakalelayo (ASRS) ngenxa yemikhawulo yesikhala, nakuba isistimu enjalo ingase ithuthukise ngokuphawulekayo ukusebenza kahle kokuphatha impahla.

Isidingo Semisebenzi Elula Yokukhulisa Okukhiphayo

Imisebenzi elula ibalulekile kubakhiqizi bamaslayidi ekhabetheni ukuze banqobe izinselele ezilethwa imingcele yesikhala futhi bakhulise okukhiphayo.Ukwenza lula kuhlanganisa ukuqedwa kwezinyathelo ezingadingekile, ukuncishiswa kokumosha, kanye nokwenza kahle kokuhamba komsebenzi.Lokhu kungafezwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukwamukela izimiso zokukhiqiza ezingenawo amandla, izinqubo zokuzenzakalela, nokuhlaziya ngokuqhubekayo nokuthuthukisa izindlela zokukhiqiza.

Ukukhiqiza okunciphile, okugxile ekudaleni inani kanye nokuqedwa kwemfucuza, kunikeza amasu okwandisa indawo elinganiselwe.Amacebo afana ne-5S (Hlunga, Hlela, Shine, Standardize, Sustain) angasiza ukuhlela indawo yokukhiqiza, enze ukukhomba nokuqeda ukungasebenzi kube lula.Ukwengeza, ukuphathwa kwe-inventory ye-Just-in-time (JIT) kunciphisa isidingo sesikhala esikhulu sokulondoloza ngokuvumelanisa ukulethwa kwempahla eduze namashejuli okukhiqiza.

I-Automation idlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni imisebenzi ibe lula.Imishini ezenzakalelayo ingenza imisebenzi ngokushesha futhi inembe kunezindlela ezenziwa ngesandla, ikhuphule isivinini sokukhiqiza futhi inciphise amathuba okuba namaphutha.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-automation inganciphisa indawo ebonakalayo edingekayo ekusebenzeni okuthile, njengoba imishini ngokuvamile ingalungiswa ukuze isebenzise indawo eqondile noma isebenze ngokumiswa okuqinile kunalokho obekungenzeka ngezisebenzi ezingabantu.

Nokho, ukwenza lula ukusebenza akuwona umsebenzi wesikhathi esisodwa kodwa umzamo oqhubekayo.Abakhiqizi kufanele bahlale beqaphile, befuna njalo izindlela zokuthuthukisa izinqubo futhi bazivumelanise nezimfuneko ezishintshayo zemakethe.Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukutshala izimali kubuchwepheshe obusha, ukuhlola kabusha ukwakheka kwendawo yokukhiqiza, noma ukuhlinzeka ngoqeqesho oluqhubekayo lwezisebenzi ukuze kuthuthukiswe amakhono abo nokusebenza kahle.

Kafushane, ukunqoba izingqinamba zesikhala kanye nokwenza lula imisebenzi kubalulekile ukuze kukhiqizwe ngempumelelo amaslayidi ekhabethe.Ngokubhekana ngqo nalezi zinselelo, abakhiqizi bangathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwabo, bakhulise umkhiqizo wabo, futhi balondoloze umkhawulo wokuncintisana emakethe.

Amasu Okukhulisa Isikhala Sefekthri

Ukwandisa indawo yefekthri kubalulekile kubakhiqizi bama-slide ekhabetheni, okudinga izindlela ezintsha nokuhlela amasu.Ukuphatha indawo ngendlela ephumelelayo kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza futhi kunomthelela endaweni ephephile, ehleleke kakhudlwana yomsebenzi.Lapha, sihlola amasu afana nemiklamo emisha yesakhiwo, ukusebenzisa izimiso zokukhiqiza ezingenawo amandla, nokusebenzisa indawo eqondile, ngalinye lidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni indawo yokukhiqiza.

Imiklamo Emisha Yesakhiwo

Isisekelo sokwandisa indawo yefekthri siqala ngemiklamo emisha yesakhiwo.Ukuhlola kabusha ukuhlelwa kwemishini, izindawo zokusebenza, nezindawo zokugcina kungaveza izindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisa indawo ngempumelelo kakhudlwana.Indlela edumile ukuqaliswa kwezakhiwo zokukhiqiza zamaselula, ezihlela izinto zokukhiqiza zibe amaqoqo agxile ekwenziweni okuphelele komkhiqizo noma ingxenye.Lokhu kulungiselelwa kunciphisa ukunyakaza, kunciphisa ukungcola, futhi kungakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo nezinguquko zevolumu yokukhiqiza noma uhlobo lomkhiqizo.

Omunye umklamo omusha wesakhiwo ukusetshenziswa kwefenisha ye-modular kanye nemishini.Lokhu kuvumela ukulungiswa kabusha okusheshayo kwesitezi sokukhiqiza ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinqubo ezihlukene noma imigqa yomkhiqizo, okuvumela abakhiqizi ukuthi baphendule izimfuno zemakethe ngaphandle kokudinga ukuthwebula izithombe eziyisikwele ezengeziwe.

Izimiso Zokukhiqiza Ezinciphile

Izimiso zokukhiqiza ezingenawo amandla zinikeza indlela ehlelekile yokunciphisa imfucuza ngaphakathi komsebenzi wokukhiqiza, okuhlanganisa nokumoshakala kwesikhala esiningi.Indlela yokwenza ye-5S - Hlunga, Hlela, Gcwalisa, Qondisa, futhi Gcina - ihlela ngempumelelo indawo yokusebenza, iqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amathuluzi nezinto ezibonakalayo zinendawo ekhethiwe nokuthi izinto ezingadingekile ziyasuswa.Ngokwenza lula indawo yokusebenza, abakhiqizi bangakhulula indawo ebalulekile, bathuthukise ukufinyeleleka, futhi bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi.

Imephu yokusakaza kwevelu, elinye ithuluzi elincane, isiza ukuhlonza nokuqeda imisebenzi engangezi inani kanye nezingqinamba ekukhiqizeni.Abakhiqizi banganciphisa izinto zokusebenza ezingadingekile kanye ne-inventory ngokugxila endleleni ephumelela kakhulu kusukela ezintweni ezingavuthiwe ukuya emikhiqizweni eqediwe, ngaleyo ndlela kukhululwe indawo yaphansi ukuze kwenziwe imisebenzi ebucayi kakhulu.

Ukusebenzisa Isikhala Esiqondile

Emafekthri amaningi, amandla esikhala esime mpo avame ukusetshenziswa kancane.Ukusebenzisa lobu bukhulu kungakhuphula kakhulu umthamo wokulondoloza futhi kukhulule indawo yaphansi yemisebenzi yokukhiqiza.Ukufaka amasistimu okulondoloza okuminyanisa kakhulu, njengamayunithi e-carousel aqondile noma amasistimu okugcina nokubuyiswa okuzenzakalelayo (ASRS), angasebenzisa isikhala esingaphezulu ebesingamosheka.Lezi zinhlelo zinikeza ukuphathwa kwempahla okuthuthukisiwe kanye nezikhathi ezincishisiwe zokubuyiswa, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza.

I-Mezzanines noma izakhiwo ezinamaleveli amaningi zingakha izindawo zokusebenza ezengeziwe noma izindawo zokugcina ngaphezu kwefekthri enkulu.Le ndlela inenzuzo emishinini engasetshenziswa kakhulu ngezindlu, isitoreji esiningi, noma indawo yehhovisi, ithuthukisa umkhondo wezinqubo zokukhiqiza eziwumongo.

Sengiphetha, ukwandisa indawo yefekthri kudinga isu elinezici eziningi elihlanganisa imiklamo emisha yesakhiwo, ukusebenzisa izimiso zokukhiqiza ezithambile, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlakaniphile kwesikhala esime mpo.Ngokwamukela lawa maqhinga, abakhiqizi bamaslayidi ekhabetheni bangakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kwabo futhi bakhe indawo yokukhiqiza eshesha kakhulu futhi esabelayo.

Ukuhlanganiswa Kwezobuchwepheshe Ngokuphumelelayo

Ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza kuguqule indlela amafekthri asebenza ngayo, okuholele ekusebenzeni kahle nasekukhiqizeni ngendlela engakaze ibonwe.Kubakhiqizi bamaslayidi ekhabetheni, ubuchwepheshe obusebenzayo buhambisa ukukhiqizwa futhi kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuphathwa kwendawo.Izinqubo ezintsha zobuchwepheshe ezifana ne-Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (ASRS), amarobhothi kanye ne-automation emigqeni yokukhiqiza, kanye nezixazululo zesofthiwe ye-inventory kanye ne-space zidlala indima ebalulekile kulolu shintsho.

I-Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (ASRS)

I-Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (ASRS) ibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukuminyana kwesitoreji nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuphatha izinto.Lawa masistimu abeka ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi abuyise imithwalo ezindaweni zokugcina ezichazwe ngaphambilini, esebenzisa isikhala esiqondile ebesingeke sifinyeleleke.I-ASRS ingahluka kusukela ezindlini zokugcina izimpahla ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezigcina impahla kuma-racks aphakeme kuye ezixazululweni ezihlangene zezikhala ezincane.Ngokusebenzisa i-ASRS, abakhiqizi bamaslayidi ekhabetheni banganciphisa ngokuphawulekayo indawo yabo ukuze bagcinwe, bakhulule indawo ebalulekile yaphansi ukuze kukhiqizwe.Ukwengeza, i-ASRS inciphisa isikhathi sabasebenzi sokufuna izinto, isheshisa inqubo yokukhiqiza futhi yehlise nezindleko zabasebenzi.

Amarobhothi kanye Nezishintshayo Emigqeni Yokukhiqiza

Ukwethulwa kwamarobhothi kanye ne-automation emigqeni yokukhiqiza kuye kwashintsha umdlalo embonini yokukhiqiza.Ekukhiqizweni kwamaslayidi ekhabetheni, amarobhothi angatshalwa ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukene, kusukela ekuhlanganiseni nasekushiseleni kuye ekupendeni nasekupakishweni.Lawa masistimu azenzakalelayo asebenza ngokunemba nangesivinini, aqinisekisa ukuphuma kwekhwalithi ephezulu kuyilapho esebenza ezindaweni ezihlangene, eziklanywe kahle ezingase zibe inselele kubasebenzi abangabantu.Amarobhothi nawo angasebenza ubusuku nemini, akhuphule kakhulu umkhiqizo ngaphandle kokudinga ikhefu noma amashifu futhi anciphise indawo ebonakalayo edingekayo ezinsizeni zabantu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-automation idlulela ekuhambeni kwezinto phakathi kwezigaba ezihlukene zenqubo yokukhiqiza.Izimoto eziqondiswayo ezizihambelayo (ama-AGV) kanye nezinhlelo zokuthutha zingathutha izinto kalula, zinciphise isidingo sokuphatha mathupha kanye nokuthuthukisa isakhiwo ngokususa isitoreji esingadingekile noma izindawo zesiteji.

Izixazululo Zesofthiwe Zokuphathwa Kwempahla Nokuphathwa Kwesikhala

Izixazululo zesoftware zinikeza esinye isendlalelo sokusebenza kahle, ukuhlinzeka ngamathuluzi anamandla okuphatha i-inventory kanye nokwenza kahle isikhala.Lawa masistimu anikeza abakhiqizi ukubonakala kwesikhathi sangempela kumaleveli wabo we-inventory, balandelele amaphethini okusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nezibikezelo zekusasa lezidingo ngokunembile.Ngokuhlanganisa izixazululo zesofthiwe ne-ASRS namarobhothi, abakhiqizi bangakwazi ukufeza umsebenzi ovumelaniswe kakhulu lapho izinto ezisetshenziswayo zi-odwa, zigcinwa, zilandwa, futhi zisetshenziswa kahle, kuncishiswe i-inventory eyengeziwe kanye nesikhala esikuso.

Ukwengeza, isofthiwe ethuthukisiwe ingalingisa izakhiwo zefekthri nokugeleza komsebenzi, ivumele abaphathi ukuthi babone ngeso lengqondo umthelela wezinguquko zesakhiwo ngaphambi kokuthi zisetshenziswe.Leli khono lokubikezela libalulekile ekuhleleni ukwandiswa, ukulungisa kabusha, noma ukuhlanganisa okokusebenza okusha, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke iyintshi yesikwele yefekthri isetshenziswa ngempumelelo.

Izibonelo: Izindaba Zempumelelo Ekuphathweni Kwesikhala

Yize amagama athile kanye nemininingwane yezinkampani ivamise ukuba ubunikazi futhi ayidalulwa esidlangalaleni, singahlola izibonelo zezibonelo ezibonisa ukuthi izimboni zamaslayidi ekhabetheni zingase zisikhulise kanjani ngempumelelo isikhala sazo.Lezi zibonelo, nakuba ziyinganekwane, zisekelwe ezenzweni zomhlaba wangempela namasu abonakale esebenza kahle ekuthuthukiseni ukuphathwa kwendawo nokusebenza kahle kuzilungiselelo zokukhiqiza.

I-Case Study 1: I-Modular Layout Revolution

Isendlalelo: Ifekthri yamaslayidi ekhabetheni eliphakathi nendawo, ebhekene nezinselelo ngesakhiwo sayo esimile nesingasebenzi kahle, inqume ukusebenzisa indlela eyimojuli edizayini yayo yaphansi yokukhiqiza.Umgomo wawuwukwandisa ukuguquguquka, ukunciphisa imfucuza, nokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwendawo etholakalayo.

Isu: Inkampani ibuyekeze inqubo yayo yokukhiqiza, kusukela ekuthatheni impahla eluhlaza kuya ekupakishweni komkhiqizo wokugcina.Yabe isisebenzisa ukwakheka okuyimojuli, lapho imishini nezindawo zokusebenza zahlelwa zaba amayunithi ahlangene, ahlukahlukene angahlelwa kabusha kalula.

Umphumela: Isakhiwo se-modular sivumele ifekthri ukuthi ivumelane nezimo ngokushesha ezinguqukweni zesidingo sokukhiqiza futhi ihlole ukugeleza kwenqubo ehlukene ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okukhulu.Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuholele ekwenyukeni kwama-20% ekusebenzeni kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nesikhala esincishisiwe esidingekayo ekusebenzeni.Ifekthri ingase futhi yabele indawo eyengeziwe emikhiqizweni edingeka kakhulu, ithuthukise ngokwengeziwe umkhiqizo wayo.

Isifundo 2: Ukusebenzisa Isikhala Esiqondile Ngokuzenzakalela

Isendlalelo: Umkhiqizi wamaslayidi ekhabetheni endaweni yasedolobheni enamathuba akhawulelwe okunwebeka ubheke phezulu ukuze athole isixazululo semikhawulo yawo yesikhala.Ifektri yazabalaza ukugcina izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nezimpahla eziqediwe ngaphandle kokungena endaweni yokukhiqiza ebalulekile.

Isu: Inkampani itshale imali ku-Automated Storage and Retrieval System (ASRS) ukuze ikhulise indawo yayo eqondile.I-ASRS yahlanganiswa nohlelo lwefekthri lokuphatha uhlu lwezimpahla, okuvumela ukulandelela ngesikhathi sangempela nokubuyiswa kwezinto.

Umphumela: Ngokusebenzisa indawo eqondile, ifektri iphinda kathathu umthamo wayo wokugcina ngaphandle kokwandisa indawo yayo ebonakalayo.Lokhu kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokuphatha futhi kwasusa isikhala esengeziwe saphansi sokuthuthukisa imigqa yokukhiqiza.Ukutshalwa kwezimali ku-ASRS kuholele ekuthuthukisweni okungama-30% ekusebenzeni kahle kukonke.

Indaba 3: Ukwenza lula ukusebenza ngokukhiqiza okuthambile

Isendlalelo: Ifekthri ekhulayo yamaslayidi ekhabetheni ibibhekene nezingqinamba ekukhiqizeni ngenxa yokungagelezi kahle komsebenzi kanye nempahla eningi eyeqile.

Isu: Inkampani yaqala umkhankaso wokukhiqiza ongenawo amandla, isebenzisa indlela ye-5S ukuze ihlele indawo yokusebenza futhi yamukele izinqubo zokusungula ezifika ngesikhathi (JIT) ukuze kwehliswe isitokwe eseqile.

Umphumela: Indlela enciphile yalulamisa izinqubo zokukhiqiza, yasusa izinyathelo ezingadingekile futhi yehlisa isikhala esidingekayo sokugcinwa kwempahla.Lezi zinguquko zibe nomphumela wokukhiqiza uketshezi oluthe xaxa, izikhathi zokuhola ezincishisiwe, kanye nokwenyuka kwamandla okukhiqiza ngama-25%.Ifekthri iphinde yabona ukwehla okukhulu kokulahlwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, okunomthelela ekongeni izindleko kanye nokusimama kwemvelo.

Lezi zibonelo zezifundo zibonisa umthelela wamasu amasha okuphatha isikhala ekusebenzeni kahle nasekukhiqizeni kwezimboni zamaslayidi ekhabetheni.Ngokwamukela ukuguquguquka, i-automation, nezimiso ezithambile, abakhiqizi banganqoba ukulinganiselwa kwendawo futhi bazibeke ekukhuleni nempumelelo.

Ukusebenzisa Izindlela Eziphumelelayo Embonini Yakho

Ukusebenzisa izinqubo eziphumelelayo efekthri yamaslayidi ekhabetheni kuhilela indlela ehlelekile yokuqonda ukusetshenziswa kwendawo kwamanje kanye nokwenza iphrojekthi yokuthuthukisa isikhala.Le nqubo iqinisekisa ukuthi yonke intshi yesikwele yefekthri isetshenziselwa amandla ayo aphelele, ithuthukisa ukukhiqiza nokusebenza kahle.Ngezansi kunezinyathelo zokuhlola ukusetshenziswa kwendawo kwamanje nokuhlela nokwenza iphrojekthi yokuthuthukisa isikhala.

Ukuhlola Ukusetshenziswa Kwesikhala Kwamanje

1. Yenza Ukucwaninga Okubanzi: Isinyathelo sokuqala sihilela ukuhlola ngokucophelela ukwakheka kwefekthri yamanje kanye nokusetshenziswa kwendawo.Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukwenza imephu indawo yemishini, indawo yokugcinwa kwempahla, izindawo zokusebenza, nanoma yiziphi izindawo ezingasetshenziswa noma ezingasetshenziswa kancane.

2. Hlaziya Ukugeleza Kwemisebenzi Nezinqubo: Ukuqonda ukuhamba kwezinto, imikhiqizo, nabasebenzi ngefekthri kubalulekile.Khomba izingqinamba, ukunyakaza okungadingekile, noma izinqubo ezidinga isikhala esiningi.

3. Linganisa Isitoreji Nokuphathwa Kwempahla: Hlola ukuthi impahla eluhlaza kanye nempahla eqediwe igcinwa kanjani.Bheka amathuba okunciphisa inani lempahla eleqile, uthuthukise amasistimu esitoreji, noma uhlanganise ukulethwa okufika ngesikhathi ukuze uvule isikhala.

4. Bandakanya Izisebenzi Ekuhloleni: Izisebenzi ezisefekthri zivame ukuba nemininingwane ebalulekile mayelana nokungasebenzi kahle kwendawo kanye nokuthuthukiswa okungenzeka.Qoqa impendulo yabo njengengxenye yenqubo yokuhlola.

Ukuhlela kanye Nokwenza Iphrojekthi Yokuthuthukisa Isikhala

1. Misa Izinjongo Ezicacile: Ngokusekelwe ekuhloleni, chaza imigomo ethile yephrojekthi yokuthuthukisa isikhala.Izinhloso zingase zihlanganise ukunciphisa isikhala esidingekayo sokulondoloza, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemigqa yokukhiqiza, noma ukudala izindawo zokusebenza ezivumelana nezimo.

2. Dizayina Isakhiwo Esisha: Sebenzisa imininingwane evela esigabeni sokuhlola ukuze udizayine isakhiwo esisha sefekthri.Cabangela imiklamo emisha yesakhiwo, ukusetshenziswa kwendawo eqondile, nokuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe ukuze kukhuliswe ukusebenza kahle kwesikhala.

3. Sebenzisa Izimiso Zokukhiqiza Ezinciphile: Sebenzisa izimiso ezingenasisekelo ezifana nendlela ye-5S ukuze uhlele futhi wenze lula indawo yokusebenza.Susa izinto zokusebenza ezingadingekile noma izinqubo ezidla indawo ebalulekile.

4. Tshala Kubuchwepheshe Bokonga Isikhala: Cabangela ukutshala imali kusitoreji esizenzakalelayo namasistimu okubuyisa, amarobhothi, nemishini ehlangene engenza imisebenzi eminingi endaweni encane.

5. Hlela Ukuvumelana nezimo: Dizayina isakhiwo ngendlela evumelana nezimo, okuvumela ukumisa kabusha kalula njengoba izidingo zokukhiqiza zishintsha.Ama-workstations ama-modular kanye nemishini ephathwayo ingenza kube lula lokhu kuvumelana nezimo.

6. Yenza Iphrojekthi Ngezigaba: Sebenzisa iphrojekthi yokuthuthukisa isikhala ngezigaba ezilawulekayo ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka ekukhiqizeni.Hlola futhi ulungise isakhiwo esisha endaweni yokuhlola ngaphambi kokukhipha izinguquko embonini yonke.

7. Qapha futhi Ulungise: Ngemva kokuqaliswa, qhubeka uqaphe ukusebenza kwesakhiwo esisha nezindlela zokusebenza.Zilungiselele ukwenza izinguquko ngokusekelwe kudatha yokusebenza, impendulo yesisebenzi, nezinguquko ezidingweni zokukhiqiza.

Abakhiqizi bamaslayidi ethala bangathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwabo kanye nokukhiqiza ngokuhlola ngokuhlelekile ukusetshenziswa kwendawo kwamanje nokuhlela ngokucophelela nokwenza iphrojekthi yokuthuthukisa isikhala.Le nqubo ayigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwendawo kodwa futhi inomthelela ekusebenzeni okuhlelekile, okushesha, nokuncintisana.

Ukuqeqeshwa Kwabasebenzi Nokuzibandakanya

Impumelelo yanoma yiluphi uhlelo lokuphathwa kwendawo noma ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha nezinqubo efektri yamaslayidi ekhabetheni kuncike kakhulu ekuzibandakanyeni nasekubandakanyekeni kwabasebenzi bayo.Izisebenzi ziyigazi lemisebenzi yokukhiqiza, zisebenzisana ngokuqondile nemishini, izinqubo, nendawo nsuku zonke.Ukuqonda kwabo, amakhono, nokuvumelana nezimo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenziseni indawo ngempumelelo nasekusebenziseni ngempumelelo ubuchwepheshe obusha.

Ukubaluleka Kokubandakanya Ithimba Lakho Emizamweni Yokuphatha Isikhala
1. Ukuxazulula Izinkinga Okuthuthukisiwe: Izisebenzi ezisefekthri zivame ukuba nolwazi lwazo lwezinselele zansuku zonke kanye nokungasebenzi kahle.Ukuzibandakanya emizamweni yokuphatha indawo kungadalula izixazululo ezisebenzayo, ezintsha ezingase zingabonakali ngokombono wokuphatha.

2. Ukuthenga Okungeziwe: Abasebenzi abayingxenye yenqubo yokuhlela nokwenza izinqumo kungenzeka basekele izinguquko futhi bathathe ubunikazi bemiphumela.Lokhu kuthenga okwengeziwe kungaholela ekusetshenzisweni okushelelayo kwezakhiwo noma izinqubo ezintsha kanye nemvelo yeqembu ebumbene kakhudlwana.

3. Ukuziphatha Okuthuthukisiwe Nokwaneliseka: Ukuqaphela nokwazisa iminikelo yabasebenzi kungakhuphula kakhulu isimilo nokwaneliseka komsebenzi.Abasebenzi ababandakanyekayo bagqugquzelekile, bayakhiqiza, futhi mancane amathuba okuthi bamelane noshintsho, okunomthelela esikweni elihle lendawo yokusebenza.

Ukuqeqeshwa Kwezobuchwepheshe Nezinqubo Ezintsha
1. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwamakhono: Njengoba izimboni zamaslayidi ekhabetheni zamukela ubuchwepheshe obusha nezinqubo ezilula, izisebenzi kufanele zithole amakhono amasha okusebenzisa imishini ethuthukisiwe, ukusebenzisa amasistimu esofthiwe, nokusebenzisa izimiso zokukhiqiza ezingenawo amandla.Ukunikeza ukuqeqeshwa okuphelele kuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzi banekhono, bayazethemba, futhi basebenza kahle ezindimeni zabo.

2. Ukuphepha Nokuthobelana: Ukusebenzisa amathuluzi amasha noma ukushintsha izakhiwo zasefekthri kungangenisa izingozi ezingaziwa zokuphepha.Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha kufanele zibandakanye izimiso zokuphepha ezibuyekeziwe kanye nezimfuneko zokuthobelana nokuvikela abasebenzi kanye nokuqinisekisa indawo yokusebenza ephephile.

3. Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo Nokujwayela: Imboni yokukhiqiza ilokhu ithuthuka, ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye namashifu esidingo sabathengi.Ukusungula isiko lokufunda ngokuqhubekayo kwenza abasebenzi bakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezinguquko, bamukele izinto ezintsha, futhi babambe iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo ekuphathweni kwendawo nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.

4. I-Cross-Training: Abasebenzi abaqeqeshelwa ukuphambana emisebenzini eminingi nemishini kunikeza ukuguquguquka kokusatshalaliswa kwabasebenzi futhi kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwendawo.Izisebenzi ezikwazi ukwenza izindima ezihlukahlukene zingashintsha ngokushesha phakathi kwemisebenzi ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zokukhiqiza, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula nokusebenzisa indawo etholakalayo kangcono.

Sengiphetha, ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kanye nokuzibandakanya kubalulekile ekulawuleni indawo ngempumelelo nasekusebenziseni ubuchwepheshe obusha efektri yama-slide ekhabetheni.Ngokutshala imali kubasebenzi babo, abakhiqizi bangathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, bakhuthaze isiko lokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo, futhi balondoloze umkhawulo wokuncintisana embonini.

Ukuthuthukiswa Okuqhubekayo Nokuzivumelanisa nezimo

Esimeni esiguqukayo sokwenziwa kwamaslayidi ekhabetheni, ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo nokuzivumelanisa nezimo akuzuzi nje kuphela;zibalulekile ukuze uphile futhi ukhule.Umkhakha wezokukhiqiza, obonakala ngentuthuko esheshayo yezobuchwepheshe kanye nezidingo zemakethe ezishintshayo, udinga indlela esheshayo yokuphatha indawo nokusebenza kahle.Okubalulekile kule ndlela yizindima zamasu zempendulo kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha nokuhlala unolwazi ngamathrendi embonini kanye nobuchwepheshe.

Iqhaza Lempendulo kanye Nedatha Ekucwengisiseni Izinqubo Zokuphatha Isikhala
Ukuqoqwa Kwempendulo: Ukucela okusebenzayo kwempendulo kusuka kuwo wonke amaleveli ngaphakathi kwenhlangano, kusukela esitezi sefekthri kuya kubaphathi abakhulu, kubalulekile.Izisebenzi ezisebenzisana nezinqubo zokukhiqiza nezinhlelo zokuphatha isikhala nsuku zonke ziyimithombo ebalulekile yemininingwane yokuthi yini esebenzayo nengasebenzi.Impendulo yekhasimende ingase futhi inikeze imibono ngekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nezikhathi zokulethwa, ebonisa ngokungaqondile ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwendawo nezinqubo zokukhiqiza.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwedatha:Izikhungo zokukhiqiza zesimanje zikhiqiza inani elikhulu ledatha, kusukela kumamethrikhi okukhiqiza kuya kumazinga okusetshenziswa kwendawo.Ukusebenzisa le datha ngokusebenzisa izibalo kungaveza amaphethini, ukungasebenzi, namathuba okuthuthukisa okungenzeka angabonakali ngokubuka nje.Isibonelo, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha kungakhomba izithiyo emugqeni wokukhiqiza ezimosha isikhala noma kugqamise izindawo lapho isikhala singasetshenziswa kancane.

Ukuthuthukiswa Okuphindaphindayo:Impendulo nedatha ndawonye yazisa inqubo yokuthuthukisa eqhubekayo.Ngokusebenzisa izinguquko ezincane, eziqhutshwa idatha kanye nokuhlola umthelela wazo, abakhiqizi bangakwazi ukucwenga kancane kancane izinqubo zabo zokuphatha isikhala, banciphise ubungozi futhi bagxilise izinsiza kumasu asebenza kahle kakhulu.

Ukuhambisana namathrendi embonini kanye nobuchwepheshe
Amathrendi embonini:Imboni yezokukhiqiza iyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka, ithonywa izintandokazi zabathengi, amaketanga okuhlinzeka emhlabeni jikelele, kanye nemithethonqubo yezemvelo.Ukuhlala unolwazi mayelana nalawa mathrendi kuvumela abakhiqizi bamaslayidi ekhabetheni ukuthi balindele izinguquko ezithinta izidingo zesikhala noma izinqubo zokukhiqiza, okuvumela ukulungiswa okusebenzayo.

Emerging Technologies:Intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe inikeza amathuba amasha okuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kwendawo nokusebenza kahle.Amarobhothi, i-Intanethi Yezinto (IoT), ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI), nezinto ezithuthukisiwe kuyizindawo ezimbalwa lapho izinto ezintsha zingaguqula izinqubo zokukhiqiza.Ngokuqapha lezi ntuthuko nokuhlola ukusebenza kwazo, abakhiqizi bangahlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obusha obuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza, ukunciphisa izidingo zendawo, noma ukuvula izimakethe ezintsha.

Ukuxhumana Nokubambisana: Ukuzibandakanya nezinhlangano zezimboni, ukuhambela imibukiso yezohwebo, nokubamba iqhaza ezinkundleni nasezingxoxweni kuyizindlela ezisebenzayo zokuhlala uxhumene nontanga nochwepheshe.Lawa manethiwekhi angaba izinsiza ezibalulekile zokwabelana ngemikhuba ehamba phambili, ukufunda mayelana nobuchwepheshe obusha, nokuthola ozakwethu bamaphrojekthi ahlanganyelwe.

Izinzuzo Zokuphathwa Kwesikhala Okuphumelelayo

Ukuphatha kahle indawo endaweni yokukhiqiza amaslayidi ekhabetheni kudlulela ngalé kokuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwemishini nempahla.Ihlanganisa indlela ephelele yokusebenzisa ngempumelelo yonke ingxenye yendawo yokusebenza, eletha izinzuzo ezibalulekile zenkampani.Lezi zinzuzo zihlanganisa ukwanda komthamo wokukhiqiza, izindleko ezincishisiwe kanye nemfucuza, kanye nokuphepha nokwaneliseka kwabasebenzi okuthuthukisiwe, ngayinye efaka isandla empumelelweni nasekusimameni kwayo yonke imisebenzi yokukhiqiza.

Amandla Okukhiqiza Akhulisiwe
Ukusetshenziswa kahle kwesikhala kuthinta ngokuqondile ikhono lemboni lokukhiqiza okwengeziwe ngaphakathi kwemingcele efanayo ebonakalayo.Ngokususa imfuhlumfuhlu engadingekile, ukugeleza komsebenzi ngendlela elula, nokusebenzisa imishini ehlangene, esebenza ngezindlela eziningi, abakhiqizi bangakhulula isikhala semigqa yokukhiqiza eyengeziwe noma bathuthukise ekhona.Lokhu kulungiselelwa kuvumela ivolumu ephezulu yamaslayidi ekhabethe ukuthi akhiqizwe ngaphandle kokunweba umkhondo, ukwandisa ngempumelelo umthamo wokukhiqiza futhi kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo esikhulu.

Izindleko Ezehlisiwe kanye Nokumosha
Ukusebenza kahle kokuphathwa kwendawo kuxhumene nokwehliswa kwezindleko kanye nokunciphisa imfucuza.Okokuqala, abakhiqizi bangagwema izindleko ezibalulekile ezihlobene nokwandiswa kwesikhungo noma ukuthutha ngokuthuthukisa indawo ekhona.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinqubo ezihlelekile kanye nezindawo zokusebenza ezihlelwe kahle zinciphisa ukuphatha nokunyakaza kwezinto, zehlise ingozi yokulimala kwempahla kanye nemikhiqizo eqediwe.Lokhu akugcini nje ngokusindisa izindleko kodwa futhi kunciphisa udoti okhiqizwa ezintweni ezilahliwe.Ukusebenzisa izimiso zokukhiqiza ezingenasisekelo njengengxenye yemizamo yokuphatha indawo kusiza futhi ekuhlonzeni nasekuqedeni imikhuba emoshayo, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kahle kwezinsiza nezinto zokwakha.

Ukuphepha Kwabasebenzi Okuthuthukisiwe Nokwaneliseka
Izinzuzo zokuphatha indawo ngendlela efanele zidlulela ekuphepheni nasekugculisekeni kwezisebenzi.Indawo yokukhiqiza ehlelekile futhi engenamafuhlufuhlu inciphisa ubungozi bezingozi nokulimala, njengoba mancane amathuba okuba ukukhubeka, ukuwa, noma ukungqubuzana nezinto ezigcinwe ngendlela engafanele noma okokusebenza.Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo ekhuthaza ukusebenza kahle nokukhiqiza ingakhuphula kakhulu isimilo sabasebenzi.Izisebenzi zivame ukuzizwa zaziswa futhi zanelisekile esimweni esiphephile, esinakekelwa kahle, nesivumela umsebenzi osezingeni eliphezulu.Lokhu akugcini nje ngokukhuthaza isiko elihle lendawo yokusebenza kodwa kungaholela nasekugcinweni kwabasebenzi okuphezulu kanye namazinga okuzibandakanya.

Ukuphathwa kahle kwesikhala kuyisu elinezici eziningi elinikeza izinzuzo ezibonakalayo kubakhiqizi bamaslayidi ekhabetheni.Izinkampani zingafinyelela umkhawulo wokuncintisana emakethe ngokwandisa umthamo wokukhiqiza, ukunciphisa izindleko nokumosha, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuphepha nokwaneliseka kwabasebenzi.Lezi zinzuzo zihlangene zifaka isandla ekusebenzeni kokukhiqiza okuzinzile, okunenzuzo, nokukhuthazela, okubonisa ukubaluleka okubalulekile kokusetshenziswa kwendawo ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza kahle kakhulu.

Isiphetho

Ukuhlola ukuphathwa kahle kwesikhala ngaphakathi kokukhiqizwa kwamaslayidi ekhabetheni, sithole izinzuzo namasu anezici eziningi anesandla ekuthuthukisweni kokusebenza kahle nokukhiqiza.Kusukela kumiklamo emisha yesakhiwo kanye nokwamukelwa kwezimiso zokukhiqiza ezingenasisekelo kuya ekuhlanganisweni kobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nendima ebalulekile yokuzibandakanya kwabasebenzi, isici ngasinye sidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusetshenziswa kwendawo.Izinzuzo eziphoqayo zokwanda kwamandla okukhiqiza zinciphisa izindleko kanye nokumoshakala, kanye nokuphepha nokwaneliseka kwabasebenzi okuthuthukisiwe kugcizelela ukubaluleka kokubeka phambili ukuphathwa kwendawo ezindaweni zokukhiqiza.

Njengoba siphetha, kuyacaca ukuthi uhambo oluya ekwandiseni isikhala ukuze usebenze kahle akuwona nje umzamo onenzuzo kodwa kuwushintsho oludingekayo kubakhiqizi abahlose ukuhlala bencintisana futhi besabela ezidingweni zemakethe.Isikhuthazo sokungena kulolu hambo akukhona nje ukuzuza izinzuzo ezisheshayo kodwa simayelana nokugqugquzela isiko lokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo nokusungula izinto ezintsha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ukuphatha indawo ngendlela efanele kunamthelela muni ekukhiqizeni?
Ukuphathwa kwesikhala okusebenzayo kuholela ekugelezeni komsebenzi okuhlelekile, izikhathi zokuphatha izinto ezincishisiwe, kanye namabhodlela asusiwe, okunomthelela omkhulu ekukhiqizeni ngokwandisa okukhiphayo nokunciphisa izikhathi zokuhola.

Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuqala zokuthuthukisa indawo yefekthri?
Izinyathelo zokuqala zihlanganisa ukwenza ucwaningo olunzulu ngokusetshenziswa kwendawo kwamanje, ukuhlonza ukungasebenzi kahle, kanye nokubandakanya abasebenzi ukuze baqoqe imininingwane.Ukubeka izinjongo ezicacile ezisekelwe kulokhu kuhlola kubalulekile ukuze kwenziwe ngempumelelo.

Ingabe amafekthri amancane angazuza kuma-automation nobuchwepheshe?
Nakanjani.Amafekthri amancane angakwazi ukuzuza ukusebenza kahle okukhulu kanye nezinzuzo zokusebenzisa indawo ngokusebenzisa i-automation ehlosiwe kanye nokwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe.Ngisho nezixazululo ezizenzakalelayo ezilula zingakhulula isikhala futhi zithuthukise izinqubo zokukhiqiza.

Kufanele kuphinde kuhlolwe kangaki ukusetshenziswa kwendawo?
Ukusetshenziswa kwendawo kufanele kube ukucatshangelwa okuqhubekayo, nokuhlolwa kabusha okusemthethweni okwenziwa minyaka yonke noma noma nini lapho kwenzeka izinguquko ezinkulu kumthamo wokukhiqiza, imigqa yomkhiqizo, noma ubuchwepheshe obutholakalayo.

Yimaphi amaphutha avamile ekuphathweni komkhathi?
Amaphutha avamile ahlanganisa ukuhluleka ukubandakanya abasebenzi enqubweni yokuhlela, ukusebenzisa kancane indawo eqondile, ukungakunaki ukuhlola okuvamile nokuhlolwa kabusha, nokunganaki amandla obuchwepheshe okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwendawo.